Sub-Saharan Africa

Country: Angola

Capital: Luanda

Ethnic Groups: Ambundu, Brazilian people in Angola, Chokwe, Kuvale, Kwanyama, Kwisi, Mbunda, Mwila, Ndombe, Nyaneka, Nyemba, Nyengo, Ovimbundu, Portuguese Angolan, Songo, Zemba

Languages: Portuguese, Bantu

Population: 31,127,674

Country: Benin

Capital: Porto-Novo

Ethnic Groups: Aizo, Aja, Bariba, Boko, Fon, Mahi (Maxi), Mandé

Languages: French, Fon, Yoruba

Population: 12,864,634 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Botswana

Capital: Gaborone

Ethnic Groups: ||Anikhwe, Bangwaketse, Bugakhwe, G//ana, G/wi, Hambukushu, Kgalagadi, Kwena, Mbukushu, San, Shua, Subiya, Tawana, Tlôkwa, White people in Botswana, Yeyi

Languages: Setswana

Population: 2,317,233 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Burkina Faso

Capital: Ouagadougou

Ethnic Groups: Bissa (Busanga), Bobo, Busansi, Bwa (Bwaba), Gurma, Kassena, Mossi, Samo

Languages: French

Population: 20,835,401 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Burundi

Capital: Bujumbura

Ethnic Groups:

Languages: Kirundi, French

Population: 11,865,821 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Cameroon

Capital: Yaoundé

Ethnic Groups: Amasi, Bafia, Baka (Bayaka), Bakossi, Bamileke, Bamum, Beti, Daba, Duala, Dugun, Eton, Ewondob(Yaunde), Fali, Gbaya, Guidar, Guiziga, Kaka, Kirdi, Kole, Kom (Cameroon), Kotoko, Kpe, Kwe, Makaa, Mandara, Matakam (Mafa), Mbo (Cameroon), Mboko, Mboum, Mbum, Medzan (Bedzan), Mundang, Mungo, Musgum, Ndop Bamessing, Njyem, Nso, Nzime, Subu, Tikar, Vengo, Widikum, Wovea

Languages: English, French

Population: 27,744,989 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Cape Verde (Cabo Verde)

Capital: Praia

Ethnic Groups: Cape Verdean (Cabo Verdean)

Languages: Portuguese, Crioulo

Population: 583,255 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Central African Republic

Capital: Bangui

Ethnic Groups: Aka, Banda, Bantu, Banziri, Bofi, Mandja, Manja, Mbaka, Ngbandi, Nzakara, Sango, Suma, Vidiri, Yakoma

Languages: French, Sangho

Population: 5,990,855 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Chad

Capital: N'Djamena

Ethnic Groups: Anakaza, Bagirmi, Buduma, Daza, Kaba, Kanembu, Kreda, Laka, Mararit, Masa, Sara, Sungor, Tama, Toubou

Languages: French, Arabic, Sara

Population: 16,877,357 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Comoros

Capital: Moroni

Ethnic Groups: Comorian

Languages: Arabic, French, Shikomoro

Population: 846,281 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Côte d’Ivoire

Capital: Yamoussoukro (legislative), Abidjan (administrative)

Ethnic Groups: Abbe, Abidji, Aboure, Adjoukrou, Anyi, Attie, Avikam, Baoule, Beng, Bete, Dan (Gio), Djimini, Dyula, Gagu, Guere, Guro, Koro, Krumen, Ngere, Senufo, Tchaman, Tura

Languages: French, Dioula

Population: 27,481,086 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Democratic Republic of the Congo

Capital: Kinshasa

Ethnic Groups: Asoa, Bashilele, Bembe, Budu, Bunda, Bwile, Dengese, Efe, Ekonda, Garanganze, Gobu, Hemba, Hima, Holoholo, Kango, Kango (Pygmy), Kele (Lokele), Kete, Kongo, Kuba, Lega, Lendu, Lengola, Lese, Logo, Luba, Luimbe, Lulua, Lunda, Lungu, Mangbetu, Mayogo, Mbala, Mbo (DRC), Mbuti, Metoko, Mongo, Nande, Ngando, Nkutu, Nyanga, Pambia, Pende, Sanga, Shi, Songora, Songye, Suku, Sundi, Tabwa, Tagbu, Teke, Tetela, Topoke, Tumbwe, Turumbu, Twa, Yaka, Zande (Azande), Zimba

Languages: French, Lingala, Kingwana, Kikongo, Tshiluba

Population: 101,780,263 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Djibouti

Capital: Djibouti

Ethnic Groups: Binji

Languages: French, Somali, Afar, Arabic

Population: 921,804 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Equatorial Guinea

Capital: Malabo

Ethnic Groups: Bubi, Fang (Fãn), Fernandino, Kombe, Kwasio

Languages: Spanish, French, Fang, Bubi

Population: 836,178 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Eritrea

Capital: Asmara

Ethnic Groups: Beni-Amer (Beja), Bilen, Hedareb, Italian Eritrean, Jabo, Kunama, Nara, Saho, Tigre, Tigrinya

Languages: Tigrinya, Arabic, English, Tigre, Kunama, Afar

Population: 6,081,196 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Eswatini (Swaziland)

Capital: Mbabane

Ethnic Groups: Swazi

Languages: Siswati, English

Population: 1,104,479 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Ethiopia

Capital: Addis Ababa

Ethnic Groups: Afar, Agaw, Agrobba, Amhara, Arbore, Argobba, Awi, Barentu Oromo, Basketo, Berta, Beta Israel (Ethiopian Jew), Bodi, Chara, Daasanach, Danta, Dawro, Dorze, Ethiopian, Gamo, Gedeo, Gofa, Guji Oromo, Gumuz, Gurage, Hadiya, Halaba, Hamar, Harari, Harla, Irob, Ittu, Kafa, Kambaata, Karo, Konso, Koore, Kwama, Kwegu, Libido (Marako), Maale, Majang, Maji (Dizi), Mekan, Mursi, Nyangatom, Oromo, Qemant, Rer Bare, Shabo, Shinasha (Boro), Shita, Sidama, Silt’e, Surma, Tambaro, Tigrayan, Tirma, Tsamai, Welayta, Welega, Yem, Zay

Languages: Amarigna (Amharic), Oromigna, Tigrigna

Population: 108,113,150 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Gabon

Capital: Libreville

Ethnic Groups: Adyumba, Babongo (Bongo), Duma, Eshira, Kaningi, Kele, Kota (Bakota), Mpongwe, Myene, Okande, Punu, Simba, Tsogo (Mitsogo)

Languages: French, Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/ Eschira, Bandjabi

Population: 2,230,908 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Gambia

Capital: Banjul

Ethnic Groups: Aku, Malinke (Mandinka), Mansoanka

Languages: English, Mandinka, Wolof, Fula

Population: 2,173,999 (CIA, July 2020 est.)

Country: Ghana

Capital: Accra

Ethnic Groups: Abron, Ada, Akan, Akuapem, Akyem, Anlo Ewe, Anum-Boso, Ashanti, Birifor, Chinese people in Ghana, Dagaba, Dagara, Dagomba, Evalue, Fante, Ga-Adangbe, Ghanaian, Gonja, Guang, Gurunsi, Konkomba, Krobo, Kusase (Kusasi), Kwahu, Kyerepong, Kyode, Larteh, Ligbi, Lobi, Logba, Mamprusi, Nafana, Nanumba, Nzima, Tabom, Tallensi, Wala, Wassa

Languages: Asante, Ewe, Fante, Boron (Brong), Dagomba, Dangme, Dagarte (Dagaba), Akyem, Ga, Akuapem

Population: 25,421,998

Country: Guinea

Capital: Conakry

Ethnic Groups: Baga, Jahanka, Kakabe, Kissi, Landuma, Susu, Toma, Yalunka (Dialonke), Zialo

Languages: French

Population: 10,884,958

Country: Guinea-Bissau

Capital: Bissau

Ethnic Groups: Balanta, Biafada, Bijago, Cape Verdean Guinea-Bissauan, Chamorro, Manjak, Nalu, Papel

Languages: Portuguese, Crioulo, African Languages

Population: 1,628,603

Country: Kenya

Capital: Nairobi

Ethnic Groups: Ariaal Rendille, Ateker, Aweer, Bajuni, Borana Oromo (Boran), Bukusu, Chonyi, Dahalo, Digo, Duruma, El Molo, Elgeyo, Embu, Gabra, Giriama, Gusii, Idakho, Isukha, Jibana, Kalenjin, Kamba, Kauma, Khayo, Kikuyu, Kipsigis, Kisa, Kisii, Logoli (Maragoli), Luhya, Luo, Maasai, Marachi, Marakwet, Mbeere, Meru, Mijikenda, Nandi, Nyala, Okiek (Akiek), Omotik, Pokomo, Pokot, Rabai, Rendille, Sabaot, Sakuye, Samburu, Sanye, Suba (Kenya), Taita, Taveta, Tharaka, Tiriki, Tugen, Turkana

Languages: English, Kiswahili

Population: 43,013,341

Country: Lesotho

Capital: Maseru

Ethnic Groups:

Languages: Sesotho, English

Population: 1,930,493

Country: Liberia

Capital: Monrovia

Ethnic Groups: Americo-Liberian, Bassa, Gbandi, Gola, Grebo, Kpelle, Krahn, Kru, Loma, Mano, Sapo, Vai

Languages: English

Population: 3,887,886

Country: Madagascar

Capital: Antananarivo

Ethnic Groups: Antaifasy, Antaimoro (Antemoro), Antaisaka, Antambahoaka, Antandroy, Antankarana, Antanosy, Bara (Malagasy), Beosi, Betsileo, Betsimisaraka, Bezanozano, Chinese people in Madagascar, Indian people in Madagascar, Mahafaly, Makoa, Malagasy, Masikoro, Merina, Mikea, Sakalava, Sihanaka, Tanala, Tsimihety, Vezo, Zafimaniry, Zafisoro

Languages: French, Malagasy, English

Population: 22,585,517

Country: Malawi

Capital: Lilongwe

Ethnic Groups: Chewa, Lambya, Lomwe, Ngonde, Ngoni, Tonga (Malawi), Yao (Wayao)

Languages: Chichewa, English

Population: 16,323,044

Country: Mali

Capital: Bamako

Ethnic Groups: Arma, Bambara, Bozo, Dogon, Jowulu, Kassonke, Khassonké, Marka, Pana, Songhai, Soninke

Languages: French, Voltaic Languages

Population: 14,533,511

Country: Mauritania

Capital: Nouakchott

Ethnic Groups: Haratin, Imraguen, Nemadi, Tajakant

Languages: Arabic, Wolof, French

Population: 3,359,185

Country: Mauritius

Capital: Port Louis

Ethnic Groups: Chinese people in Mauritius (Sino-Mauritian), Indo-Mauritian

Languages: Creole, Bhojpuri

Population: 1,313,095

Country: Mozambique

Capital: Maputo

Ethnic Groups: Chopi, Makua, Makwe, Ndau, Sena, Shangana, Tawara, Tsonga, Tswa

Languages: Portuguese, Emakhuwa

Population: 23,515,934

Country: Namibia

Capital: Windhoek

Ethnic Groups: Baster, Damara, Dxeriku, German Namibian, Hai||om, Herero, Himba, Ju|’hoansi, Kavango, Kung, Kwaluudhi, Kwambi, Kwangali, Kxoe, Mbalanhu, Mbanderu, Nama, Ngangela, Ovambo (Ambo), Owambo, Topnaar

Languages: English, Ovambo

Population: 2,165,828

Country: Niger

Capital: Niamey

Ethnic Groups: Ait-Awari, Tuareg, Wodaabe, Zarma

Languages: French, Hausa, Songhai

Population: 17,078,839

Country: Nigeria

Capital: Abuja

Ethnic Groups: Afawa, Afemai, Afo, Afusari, Agoi, Akoko, Anaang, Anga, Atyap, Awori, Birom, Bolewa, Boma, Brazilian people in Nigeria, Chamba, Chawai, Defaka, Dendi, Ebira, Edo, Efik, Egba, Egun, Ekoi, Ekpeye, Eleme, Esan (Ishan), Etsako, Fulani, Gade, Gbagyi, Gwandara, Hausa, Ibibio, Idoma, Igala, Igbo, Ijaw, Ijebu, Ika, Ikwerre, Itsekiri, Jukun, Kalabari, Kana, Kanuri, Kapsiki, Kofyar, Koro (Nigeria), Kurama, Kuteb, Mada, Magunzawa, Mambila, Mumuye, Ninzam, Nupe, Ogoni, Ondo, Rukuba, Shuwa, Tarok, Tiv, Urhobo, Warjawa, Yerwa Kanuri, Yoruba

Languages: English, Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo

Population: 170,123,740

Country: Republic of the Congo

Capital: Kinshasa

Ethnic Groups: Beembe, Bwaka, Likouala, Mbochi, Vili

Languages:

Population: 5,417,414 (July 2021 est.)

Country: Rwanda

Capital: Kigali

Ethnic Groups: Hutu, Kiga, Tutsi

Languages: French, English, Kinyarwanda

Population: 11,689,696

Country: São Tomé & Príncipe

Capital: São Tomé

Ethnic Groups:

Languages: Portuguese

Population: 183,176

Country: Senegal

Capital: Dakar

Ethnic Groups: Bainuk, Bassari, Bedik, Cape Verdean people in Senegal, Jola, Karoninka, Lebou, Mankanya, Niominka, Saafi, Serer, Serer-Laalaa, Serer-Ndut, Serer-Noon, Serer-Palor, Toucouleur, Wolof

Languages: French, Wolof

Population: 12,969,606

Country: Seychelles

Capital: Victoria

Ethnic Groups: Indo-Seychellois, Seychellois Creole, Sino-Seychellois (Chinese in Seychelles), Tamil Seychellois

Languages: Creole, English

Population: 90,024

Country: Sierra Leone

Capital: Freetown

Ethnic Groups: Kono, Koranko, Landogo, Limba, Loko, Mende, Sherbro, Sierra Leone Creole, Temne

Languages: English

Population: 5,485,998

Country: Somalia

Capital: Mogadishu

Ethnic Groups: Benadiri, Bravanese, Daarood, Digil-Rahawiin, Dir, Eyle, Gadabursi, Garre, Hawiye, Isaaq, Issa, Ogaden, Rahanweyn, Somali, Somali Bantu

Languages: Somali, Arabic, Italian, English

Population: 10,085,638

Country: South Africa

Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judiciary)

Ethnic Groups: Afrikaner, Barokologadi Ba Ga Maotwa, Basotho (Sotho), Bhaca, Bomvana, Cape Coloured, Cape Dutch, Cape Malay, Chinese South African, Coloured, Fengu, Gananwa, Griqua, Hlubi, Indian South African, Karretijie, Kgatla, Khoi, Lobedu, Mpondo, Ndebele, Southern, Nguni, Pedi, Poko, Portuguese South African, Rolong, Serb people in South Africa, Thembu, Tlhaping, Tswana, Venda, White South African, Xesibe, Xhosa, Zulu

Languages: Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, North Sotho, South Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu

Population: 48,810,427

Country: South Sudan

Capital: Juba

Ethnic Groups: Anuak, Atuot, Avukaya, Balanda Bor, Balanda Bviri, Bari, Binga, Didinga, Dinka, Jur Beli, Jur Mananger, Kaligi, Kara, Keliko, Kichepo, Kreish, Kuku, Lotuko, Madi, Mandari, Moru, Mundu, Murele, Murle, Ndogo, Ngok Lual Yak, Nuer, Nyamusa, Nyangwara, Olu’bo, Pojulu, Rek, Sere, Shilluk, Tacho, Tennet, Thuri, Toposa

Languages: English, Arabic, Dinka, Nuer, Bari, Zande, Shilluk

Population: 10,625,176

Country: Sudan

Capital: Khartoum

Ethnic Groups: Amarar, Artega, Baggara, Batahin, Beja, Bisharin, Burun, Fur, Hadendoa, Hawawir, Humr, Ingessana, Jur Modo, Kababish, Kawahla, Messiria, Midob, Misseriya, Nuba, Nubian, Rizeigat, Shaigiya, Sudanese Arab, Tungur, Zaghawa

Languages: Arabic, Nubian, Dinka

Population: 34,206,710

Country: Tanzania

Capital: Dodoma

Ethnic Groups: Akie, Arusha, Assa (Asa), Barabaig, Bena, Bende, Bondei, Bungu, Burunge, Chaga, Datooga, Dhaiso, Doe, Fipa (Wafipa), Gogo, Gorowa, Ha, Hadza, Haya, Hehe, Ikizu, Ikoma, Iramba, Iraqw, Isanzu, Jiji, Jita, Kabwa, Kaguru, Kahe, Kami (Tanzania), Kara (Tanzania), Kerewe, Kimbu, Kinga, Kisankasa, Kisi, Konongo, Kuria, Kutu, Kw’adza, Kwaya, Kwere, Luguru, Machinga, Magoma, Makonde, Malila, Mambwe, Manda, Matengo, Mbunga, Mpoto, Mwera, Ndali, Ndamba, Ndendeule, Ndengereko, Ndonde, Ngasa, Ngindo, Ngulu, Nyakyusa, Nyamwezi, Nyiha, Pangwa, Pare, Pogoro, Rangi, Rufiji, Rungwa, Rwa, Safwa, Sagara, Sandawe, Sangu, Segeju, Shambaa, Shubi, Sonjo (Temi), Suba (Tanzania), Sukuma, Sumbwa, Swahili, Tongwe, Turu, Vidunda, Vinza, Wanda, Wanji, Ware, White Tanzanian, Zanaki, Zaramo, Zigula, Zinza, Zyoba

Languages: Swahili, English

Population: 43,601,796

Country: Togo

Capital: Lomé

Ethnic Groups: Adele, Ewe, Kabre, Kposo, Losso, Moba, Tem

Languages: French, Ewe, Kabiye

Population: 6,961,049

Country: Uganda

Capital: Kampala

Ethnic Groups: Abayanda, Acholi, Adhola, Alur, Amba, Aringa, Bafumbira, Baganda (Ganda), Bagwe, Bakonzo, Banyala, Banyankole, Baruuli, Basoga, Basua, Batoro (Toro), Dodoth, Gisu, Gwere, Ik, Jie, Kakwa, Karamojong, Konjo, Lango (Langi), Lugbara, Nyoro, Samia, Sebei, Soga, Teso

Languages: English, Swahili

Population: 35,873,253

Country: Zambia

Capital: Lusaka

Ethnic Groups: Aushi, Bemba, Cishinga, Ila, Iwa, Kunda, Lala, Lamba, Lenje, Leya, Lozi, Luano, Lubale (Luvale), Makoma, Mashi, Mbowe, Mbwera (Shirazi), Mwanga, Mwenyi, Ndembu, Ngumbo, Nkoya, Nsenga, Sala, Senga, Shanjo, Simaa, Soli, Swaka, Toka, Tokaleya, Tonga (Zambia and Zimbabwe), Totela, Tumbuka, White Zambian, Yombe

Languages: English, Bemba, Nyanja

Population: 14,309,466

Country: Zimbabwe

Capital: Harare

Ethnic Groups: Doma, Kalanga, Karanga, Korekore, Manyika, Ndebele, Northern, Shona, White people in Zimbabwe (Rhodesian)

Languages: English, Sona, Ndebele, Nyanja

Population: 12,619,600